Imagine a block of ice and the damage a sledge hammer hit creates. The ice block shatters in all directions. Then take a garden hone and let the water fills the cracks. Then keep the garden hose on the ice. Water fills the cracks and melts them until they are larger. Call this a phreatic cave - a crack willed with water. When the water finally melts its way through and fresh water runs through the crack, call it "percolation". Watch the ice melt and fall into itself, forming an open cylinder surrounded by ice. Call that a "Hong" - Thai for room.
All limestone, especially marine, melts every time it rains. Marine limestone is also impacted by the tides, who cut away the cracks with mechanical action every times the tide changes. No chemistry here, limestone and sea water are about the same pH. (acid-alkaline content).
Occasionally, I use our trip book to explain a concept better than I can format in a blog. We now include this book in every van transfer on the way to the pier. All the Trip Book content comes from our guides' trip scripts.
See you on the water,
Ling Yai (Thai for 'Big Monkey') AKA John Caveman Gray
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